- C Programming Examples
- C Programming Examples
- C Print Hello World
- C Get Input from User
- C Print Integer
- C Add Two Numbers
- C Add Subtract Multiply Divide
- C Add n Numbers
- C Area Perimeter of Square
- C Area Perimeter of Rectangle
- C Area Circum of Circle
- C Fahrenheit to Celsius
- C Celsius to Fahrenheit
- C Inches to Centimeters
- C Kilogram to Gram
- C Reverse a Number
- C Swap Two Numbers
- C Interchange Numbers
- C Print ASCII Value
- C Print Fibonacci Series
- C Check Palindrome or Not
- C Check Armstrong or Not
- C Find Armstrong Numbers
- C Find nCr and nPr
- C Find Profit Loss
- C Sum of their Square
- C First & Last Digit Sum
- C Sum of All Digit
- C Product of All Digit
- C Print Total Digit in Number
- C Check Perfect Number
- C Find Basic Gross Salary
- C Round Number to Integer
- C Print Series upto n Term
- C Find Factors of Number
- C if-else & Loop Programs
- C Check Even or Odd
- C Check Prime or Not
- C Check Alphabet or Not
- C Check Vowel or Not
- C Check Leap Year or Not
- C Is Reverse Equal Original
- C Make Calculator
- C Add Digits of Number
- Count Positive Negative Zero
- C Largest of Two Numbers
- C Largest of Three Numbers
- C Smallest of Two Numbers
- C Smallest of Three Numbers
- C Find Factorial of Number
- C Find LCM & HCF
- C Find LCM of n Numbers
- C Find HCF of n Numbers
- C Find Arithmetic Mean
- C Find Average, Percentage
- C Find Student Grade
- C Print Table of Number
- C Print Prime Numbers
- C Find Discount Purchase
- C Calculate Parcel Charge
- C Calculate Wage of Labor
- C Print Phone Bill
- C Conversion programs
- C Decimal to Binary
- C Decimal to Octal
- C Decimal to Hexadecimal
- C Binary to Decimal
- C Binary to Octal
- C Binary to Hexadecimal
- C Octal to Decimal
- C Octal to Binary
- C Octal to Hexadecimal
- C Hexadecimal to Decimal
- C Hexadecimal to Binary
- C Hexadecimal to Octal
- C Pattern Programs
- C Pattern Printing Programs
- C Print Diamond Pattern
- C Print Floyd's Triangle
- C Print Pascal's Triangle
- C Array Programs
- C 1D Array Programs
- C Linear Search
- C Binary Search
- C Largest Element in Array
- C Smallest Element in Array
- C Second Largest/Smallest
- C Count Even Odd
- C Array Element at Even
- C Array Element at Odd
- C Print Even Array Elements
- C Print Odd Array Elements
- C Sum/Product of Even/Odd
- C Reverse an Array
- C Insert Element in Array
- C Delete Element from Array
- C Merge Two Arrays
- C Bubble Sort
- C Selection Sort
- C Insertion Sort
- C Print Common Elements
- C 2D Array Programs
- C Add Two Matrices
- C Subtract Two Matrices
- C Transpose a Matrix
- C Multiply Two Matrices
- C Sum All Matrix Elements
- C Largest Element in Matrix
- C Print Row Column Total
- C 3D Array Programs
- C String Programs
- C Print String
- C Find Length of String
- C Compare Two String
- C Copy a String
- C Concatenate String
- C Reverse a String
- C Count Vowels Consonants
- C Replace Vowel in String
- C Delete Vowels from String
- C Delete Word from String
- C Frequency of Character
- C Count Word in String
- C Remove Spaces from String
- C Sort a String
- C Sort String in Alphabetical
- C Sort Words in Ascending
- C Sort Words in Descending
- C Uppercase to Lowercase
- C Lowercase to Uppercase
- C Swap Two Strings
- C Check Anagram or Not
- C Check Palindrome String
- C Print Number in Words
- C Print Successive Character
- C Character without Space
- C File Programs
- C Read a File
- C Write Content to File
- C Read & Display File
- C Copy a File
- C Merge Two Files
- C Reverse File
- C Count All Character in File
- C List Files in Directory
- C Encrypt & Decrypt a File
- C Delete a File
- C Misc Programs
- Generate Random Numbers
- C Print Date Time
- C Print Message with Time
- C Get IP Address
- C Print Smiling face
- C Pass Array to Function
- Add Two Numbers using Pointer
- C Address of Variable
- C Shutdown Computer
- C Programming Tutorial
- C Tutorial
C Program to Convert Uppercase to Lowercase
In this article, you will learn how to convert a given character or string from uppercase to lowercase. Here is the list of programs that are available:
- Program to convert uppercase characters to lowercase in C
- Program to convert uppercase strings to lowercase in C
- Using a library function, create a program that converts uppercase strings to lowercase strings.
But before going to these programs, let's first discuss some of the main topics involved in them.
Uppercase Character
Any character written in capital letters is known as an "uppercase" character. For example, C.
Uppercase String
If each and every character of a string is written in capital letters, then that string can be called an "uppercase string." CODESCRACKER, for example.
Lowercase Character
Any character written in small letters is known as a lowercase character. For example, c.
Lowercase String
If each and every character of a string is written in small letters, then that string can be called a lowercase string. For example, codescracker.
Uppercase to lowercase conversion formula
The formula to convert uppercase characters to lowercase is
lowerChar = upperChar + 32
because the ASCII values of A–Z are 65–90 and a–z are 97–122. That is, the ASCII value of A (capital A) is 65, whereas the ASCII value of A (small a) is 97. and the difference is 32. The difference is in that the ASCII value of lowercase a is 32 greater than the ASCII value of uppercase a. So to convert from uppercase characters to lowercase, we have added 32 to the upperChar variable (which holds uppercase characters). Now let's move on to the program.
Uppercase character to lowercase in C
The question is: write a program in C that converts any given character (in uppercase) from the user (at run-time) to a lowercase character. The answer to this question is given below.
#include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> int main() { char upperChar, lowerChar; int ascii; printf("Enter an uppercase Character: "); scanf("%c", &upperChar); ascii = upperChar; lowerChar = ascii+32; printf("\nIts Lowercase = %c", lowerChar); getch(); return 0; }
This program is compiled and executed under the Code::Blocks IDE. Here is the sample run:
Now supply any character in uppercase (a capital letter), say C, and press the ENTER key to see the following output:
If the user enters "C" as an uppercase character input, then C gets initialized to the upperChar variable. And the statement:
ascii = upperChar;
meaning the ASCII value of C, that is, 67, gets initialized to an ascii variable. And the statement:
lowerChar = ascii+32;
means that ascii+32 or 67+32 (depending on the value of ascii) or 99 is assigned to the lowerChar variable.And while printing the lowerChar as a character, we have used the %c format specifier that prints the character whose ASCII value is 99. That is C.
In C, convert uppercase strings to lowercase
Now let's convert the string from uppercase to lowercase. To convert an uppercase to lowercase string, you have to ask the user to enter the string (in uppercase) to convert it into lowercase. To change an uppercase string into a lowercase string, just add 32 to each and every character of the given string, as shown in the following program.
The question is: write a program in C that converts any given string (in uppercase) to an equivalent string in lowercase. The answer to this question is given below:
#include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> int main() { char upperString[50]="", lowerString[50]=""; int i=0; printf("Enter an uppercase String: "); gets(upperString); while(upperString[i]!='\0') { lowerString[i] = upperString[i]+32; i++; } printf("\nIts Lowercase = %s", lowerString); getch(); return 0; }
The snapshot given below shows a sample run of the above program:
In C, use the Library Function to convert an uppercase string to a lowercase string
The last program of this article uses the standard library function strlwr(), which takes a string as an argument and returns the same string in lowercase form. Let's have a look at the program given below:
#include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<string.h> int main() { char str[100]; printf("Enter uppercase String: "); gets(str); printf("\nIts Lowercase = %s", strlwr(str)); getch(); return 0; }
This program will produce the same output as the previous one.
The same program in different languages
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